Read About the Process of Underpinning
Underpinning is a process, which is accomplished by digging underneath the shallow footings and then extending the foundation by pouring concrete to reach out to the depths in the foundation or in breadth. This process helps in creating a stronger stratum of the soil or it helps in creating a greater area for the distribution of the weight.
The most common methods of underpinning are done through micro-piles or using grout. Grout can also be used as an alternative method for underpinning. You will have to perform this process mostly on buildings which are shallow rising or low rising as they generally have foundations which are not too high. It may happen that the building imbalances creating a catastrophe. Therefore, the process of underpinning is very helpful in such situations.
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The process of underpinning is quite important and if there is an orderly structure, it should be followed so that one can get the best out of the process of underpinning. There are also various types of processes through which you can enjoy the benefit of this method. Here is a list of some of the methods which are followed under the process of underpinning.
- Mass Concrete Underpinning Method (Pit Method) - Mass concrete underpinning method is a traditional method of underpinning and has been followed for centuries. This method involves extending the old foundation until it reaches to a stable stratum. The soil which is situated in the strata is then excavated out so that we can reach a more stable resolve. This excavation is then filled concrete which stays there until the next cure or for remedy. This is a low-cost method of underpinning which has been popular since centuries.
- Pier and Beam method of Underpinning - This method is also known as base and pier method of underpinning wherein we install concrete pillars in the foundation so that the weight is distributed for them. This is a great method for foundations which are shallow than 6m. This method was adapted after the second world war when the mass concrete method was no longer effective.
- Pile method of underpinning - this is a common method which is used in many cases. In this method, a needle like structure which we call a pile is placed on the foundation. This is done in cases where we will find deposits of sediment or settlement of soil due to water clogging or if it is in the nature of the soil. The concrete piles are finished off with a slab of concrete usually called a cap under this method of underpinning.
- Mini piled method of underpinning - This is also a method wherein pile like structures are installed. However, in this method, the piles are of 150 mm to 300 mm in diameter instead of being shaped like a needle. This method comes in very handy in cases of variable soil as it can easily access its restrictive causes. The piles may be driven by steel in this case. This a very effective method for foundations which are shallow than 5 m.
- Cantilever needle beam method of Underpinning - this method is simply an extension of the pit method. This method is used in cases where the excavation has been done on one side and the inner pillar of one side supports the major portion of the foundation. This method is very fast and cost-effective and also allows you to have undeniable access to only one side.
- Pre-test method of Underpinning - This is a method in which the soil is made to be compact. This method is used in cases of buildings which have been built on strip or pad foundation and are about 5 to 10 storeys high.
These are some of the common methods which are used in the process of underpinning.
1 comments
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